As the digitalization of society progresses, information and communication technologies are becoming increasingly important. "Ethernet" is the most typical communication-network standard used in wired Local Area Networks (LAN). Ethernet has become more popular in equipment of all varieties, such as personal computers, various home appliances, industrial equipment, social infrastructure, automobiles and several other applications, and has become essential to our life.
On the other hand, further evolution of Ethernet technology is required due to the increasing sophistication of the information and communication technologies. In fact, what is expected of Ethernet includes the improvement of rationalization and efficiency of networks, the increase of transmission speeds, the extension of transmission distances, size and weight reduction, wiring simplification, and more environmental friendliness.